Intensive Reading Intervention
I started a series of lessons on 'Narrative Text' using some of the outcomes in my plan overview presented in one of my blogs before. I also incorporated the ESOL principles to quide strategies used in this instruction. I may not be able to present all lessons on all narrative texts we will read in this intervention, but it will be the same approach we will use.
Part A: Introduction
The intension behind this is to find out how much learners know about narrative text features and language. The other more important one is to introduce them first to some aspects of narrative texts before reading them and may be writing in that style.
Part B: Reading a Narrative Text
The intension here is to provide comprehensible input (i + 1) to learners on narrative text language and features. There is also an opportunity here for learners to listen to the use of English language as well as speaking in English to discuss ideas from the text.
The intension behind this is to find out how much learners know about narrative text features and language. The other more important one is to introduce them first to some aspects of narrative texts before reading them and may be writing in that style.
Type of Text: Narrative Text Introduction
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Objectives:
To introduce students to what is a narrative text.
To assess what students know about narrative text.
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Activity: Ask students to answer the following questions
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Instruction: Use your prior knowledge to answer the following questions.
1) What is the author’s purpose for writing a narrative text?
2) What are the elements of a narrative text?
3) What does it mean by narration of a narrative text?
4) What is a point of view in a narrative text?
5) How are the ideas developed and structured (arranged or organised)in a narrative text?
6) What should be at the beginning - introduction - of a narrative text?
7) What should be at the middle - body - of a narrative text?
8) What should be at the ending - conclusion - of a narrative text?
9) What are some language features of a narrative text?
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Examples of student work
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Student 2
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Topic: Narrative Text
Instruction:
1) What is the author’s purpose for writing a narrative text?
: The author's purpose of writing a narrative isActivity to get the reader's attention.
2) What are the elements of a narrative text?
: Elements include the theme , setting , character etc
3) What does it mean by narration of a narrative text?
: what the storyline is about
4) What is a point of view in a narrative text?
: The author’s perspective. How they see it from their point of view.
5) How are the ideas developed and structured (arranged or organised)in a narrative text?
: By using peel. The purpose/ point of the idea. Explaining to us what is means. Using Examples that relates to the idea, and lastly Linking it back to the main theme.
6) What should be at the beginning - introduction - of a narrative text?
: Starting off with a question , hook or something interesting to get the reader’s attention.
7) What should be at the middle - body - of a narrative text?
: the body should be explaining, from your point of view what it means and also giving examples from personal experiences in life.
8) What should be at the ending - conclusion - of a narrative text?
The ending always has to relate back to the question or hook that you have used in the introduction. Or in other words a summary of everything you have written. Linking it all back to the main idea/purpose of your text.
9) What are some language features of a narrative text?
Vocabulary , understanding your point, defining who your characters are and what their role in the story,
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Student 3
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Topic: Narrative Text
Instruction:
1) What is the author’s purpose for writing a narrative text?
The author’s purpose for writing a narrative text is to explain to someone all the actions and what
happened in the story.
2) What are the elements of a narrative text?
The elements of narrative text are the speakers, and who write the story.
3) What does it mean by narration of a narrative text?
Narrative text is a piece of text which tells a story and entertains the reader or listener, Narration its a
Person with a narrating voice the person who present or tells the content of the story to the readers.
4) What is a point of view in a narrative text?
Narrative point of view is the perspective of that narrator.
5) How are the ideas developed and structured (arranged or organised)in a narrative text?
Narrative structure is about two things:the content of a story and the form used to tell the
story..Two common ways to describe these two parts of narratives structure are story and
plot.Story refers to the raws materials of dramatic action as they might be describe..
6) What should be at the beginning - introduction - of a narrative text?
Introduction (introducing) Tells the day occurs something, and where it happened.
7) What should be at the middle - body - of a narrative text?
( Body) - Explanation about what happened.
8) What should be at the ending - conclusion - of a narrative text?
Ending of the story.
9) What are some language features of a narrative text?
Action verbs, first person pronoun (I, We ) second person pronoun ( You) third person pronoun ( he, she, they ) commonly used past tense.
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Student 4
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Topic: Narrative Text
Instruction:
What is the Narrative?
Narrative is a spoken or written of account of connected events;a story. ☝
1) What is the author’s purpose for writing a narrative text?
The purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.☝
2) What are the elements of a narrative text?
A Narrative text implies a narrating voice,an implicit speaker who presents the content to the reader.
3) What does it mean by narration of a narrative text?
Narrative point of view is the perspective of the narrator.First person narrative point of view occurs when the narrator is telling the story.In third person limited point of view.
4) What is a point of view in a narrative text?
Narrative text structure uses a story structure that includes story elements such as setting,characters,conflict,plot (rising action,climax,falling action),and resolution,that the text might be narrative text type of our text..
5) How are the ideas developed and structured (arranged or organised)in a narrative text?
Narrative structure is about two things:the content of a story and the form used to tell the story..Two common ways to describe these two parts of narratives structure are story and plot.Story refers to the raws materials of dramatic action as they might be describe..
6) What should be at the beginning - introduction - of a narrative text?
Orientation, they tell us about the time,place,characters and what story is going to be about….☝
7) What should be at the middle - body - of a narrative text?
Narration (Point View), Specific details - 1st event and time that the events happened..
More details about the main topics..👎
8) What should be at the ending - conclusion - of a narrative text?
A new idea in this paragraph - final event in this story..
More about the topic…….. 👎
9) What are some language features of a narrative text?
The main features of narrative writing are: defined characters,descriptive language,past tense.👎
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Student 5
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Topic: Narrative Text
Instruction:
1) What is the author’s purpose for writing a narrative text?
The purpose of narrative text is to entertain or to amuse the readers or listeners about the story and we can find the moral from the story
2) What are the elements of a narrative text?
Orientation
Complication or problem
Resolution
3) What does it mean by narration of a narrative text?
Spoken or written account of real or fictitious events as a story
4) What is a point of view in a narrative text?
Narrative is a text which tells a story. It differs from most other types of text in that it relates a connected series of events, either real or fictional in a more less orderly manner
5) How are the ideas developed and structured (arranged or organised)in a narrative text?
Narrative text structure should be easy to remember because the structure follows a story with a beginning, a middle, and an end.
6) What should be at the beginning - introduction - of a narrative text?
In which the characters, setting and time of the story are established. Usually answer who? When? Where?
Eg. Mr Wolf went out hunting in the forest one dark gloomy night
7) What should be at the middle - body - of a narrative text?
The complication usually involves the main character(s) ( often mirroring the complication in real life
8) What should be at the ending - conclusion - of a narrative text?
Their needs to be resolution of the complication. The complication may be resolved for better or worse/happily or unhappily. Sometimes there are a number of complication that have to be resolved. These add and sustain interest and suspense for the reader
9) What are some language features of a narrative text?
Orientation
Evaluation
Complication
Revolution
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Part B: Reading a Narrative Text
The intension here is to provide comprehensible input (i + 1) to learners on narrative text language and features. There is also an opportunity here for learners to listen to the use of English language as well as speaking in English to discuss ideas from the text.
Text Type
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Narrative Text
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Title
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Sarah and her stepmother
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Objectives
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To develop students’ listening skills
To practice students’ speaking skills
To learn new English words (incidentally)
To understand ideas and how they are structured in the text
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Activities
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1. Teacher to read the story while the students listen (twice)
2. Teacher and students to discuss ideas and meanings in the story using the questions at the end of the story
3. Through the discussion, students are introduced to how ideas are structured in a narrative text
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Sarah and her stepmother
Once upon a time there was a beautiful girl called Sarah, who lived with her step mother. Her step mother was very bossy, greedy and arrogant. She hated Sarah a lot.
One day when her father was working outside, the step mother hit Sarah and expelled her from the house. She went outside and walked far away from the house. Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it. After that she hid in a big melon. She used to go out of the melon and get her food.
One day a prince visited the farm and saw the big melon. “Cut this melon I want to eat it,’’ the prince said. The prince’s guards started to cut the melon but they heard a voice from it. Sarah said “Don’t cut me please!” They were all surprised at this situation. The prince said “Who are you? Calm down, please come out.” After that she came out. He fell in love with her.
She told him her story so the prince decided to marry her and they lived happily ever after.
Have a discussion using the following questions.
1) When does the story happen?
2) Where does the story happen?
3) Who are the characters in the story?
4) What happens at the beginning of the story? (Orientation)
5) What is the main problem in this story? (Complication)
6) What is the climax in this story? (Resolution)
7) What did you learn from the story?
Learners in my inquiry group focused in their listening to the story while I read it. They also participated well in the discussion although they were still struggling to express themselves clearly. That still reflected the limited language that they had.
Part C: Dive-Deep into a narrative text
I decided to use the approach below to dive deep into understanding how ideas in a narrative text arranged. The focus will be on structure and other features of a narrative text. Another intension is for students to use that understanding for an output activity of writing a narrative text.
Lesson shared with students
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Text Type: Narrative Text
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Topic: Structuring of ideas in a narrative text
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Objectives:
To learn new English words
To identify and learn about the structure & other aspects of a narrative textTo learn the sequence of ideas in a narrative text | ||
Sarah and the Stepmother
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Once upon a time there was a beautiful girl called Sarah, who lived with her step mother. Her step mother was very bossy, greedy and arrogant. She hated Sarah a lot.
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ORIENTATION - Beginning - Introduction
When does the story happen?
Where does the story happen?
Who are the characters in the story?
What happens at the beginning of the story?
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Answer the questions here:
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C
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One day when her father was working outside, the step mother hit Sarah and expelled her from the house. She went outside and walked far away from the house. Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it. After that she hid in a big melon. She used to go out of the melon and get her food.
One day a prince visited the farm and saw the big melon. “Cut this melon I want to eat it,’’ the prince said. The prince’s guards started to cut the melon but they heard a voice from it. Sarah said “Don’t cut me please!” They were all surprised at this situation. The prince said “Who are you? Calm down, please come out.” After that she came out. He fell in love with her.
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COMPLICATION - Middle - Body
Sequence of events: Description of the events:
- First...
- Next...
- Later...
- After...
While…
- As… -Meanwhile… -When…
1) What is the main problem in this complication?
2) What is the climax in this sequence?
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She told him her story so the prince decided t
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RESOLUTION
The ‘ending’ – a description of the final outcome.
1) What is the resolution in this story?
2) Is it a positive or ending ending?
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The following are examples of students' work, students 1 and 5 . They both show a good degree of comprehension of the text.
At the end of these two lessons, I feel that these activities provided a good exposure of students to the English comprehension input (i + 1) provided not only by the text but also from the discussion in class. Students developed a good understanding of a narrative tex.
Student 1
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Sarah and her Stepmother
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O
R
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E
N
T
A
T
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N
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Once upon a time there was a beautiful girl called Sarah, who lived with her step mother. Her step mother was very bossy, greedy and arrogant. She hated Sarah a lot.
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ORIENTATION - Beginning - Introduction
When does the story happen?
Where does the story happen?
Who are the characters in the story?
What happens at the beginning of the story?
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Answer the questions here:
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C
O
M
P
L
I
C
A
T
I
O
N
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One day when her father was working outside, the step mother hit Sarah and expelled her from the house. She went outside and walked far away from the house. Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it. After that she hid in a big melon. She used to go out of the melon and get her food.
One day a prince visited the farm and saw the big melon. “Cut this melon I want to eat it,’’ the prince said. The prince’s guards started to cut the melon but they heard a voice from it. Sarah said “Don’t cut me please!” They were all surprised at this situation. The prince said “Who are you? Calm down, please come out.” After that she came out. He fell in love with her.
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COMPLICATION - Middle - Body
- Dilemma or Problem that sets off the events.
Sequence of events: Description of the events:
- First… The stepmother hit Sarah and expelled her from the house.👍
- Next… Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it .
- Later… Sarah hid in a big melon 👍
- After… She used to go out of the melon and get her food 👍
While…
- As… -Meanwhile… -When…
1) What is the main problem in this complication?
A prince visited the farm and saw the big melon .
The prince’s guards started to cut the melon but they heard a voice from it Sarah said, ‘’Don’t cut me please
2) What is the climax in this sequence?
A prince visited the farm and was going to cut the melon 👍 |
R
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She told him her story so the prince decided to marry her and they lived happily ever after.
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RESOLUTION
Ending where the problem is resolved.
The ‘ending’ – a description of the final outcome.
1) What is the resolution in this story?
The prince decided to marry Sarah 👍
2) Is it a positive or ending ending?
Is was positive .They lived happily ever after 👍 |
Student 5
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Sarah and the Stepmother
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O
R
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E
N
T
A
T
I
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N
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Once upon a time there was a beautiful girl called Sarah, who lived with her step mother. Her step mother was very bossy, greedy and arrogant. She hated Sarah a lot.
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ORIENTATION - Beginning - Introduction
Sets the scene and Mood, and introduces the character.
When does the story happen?
Once upon the time✓
Where does the story happen?
In the big melon✓
Who are the characters in the story?
Sarah ✓Step mother✓ Father✓ Prince✓ Guards✓
What happens at the beginning of the story?
Her step mother hated her a lot✓ |
Answer the questions here:
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C
O
M
P
L
I
C
A
T
I
O
N
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One day when her father was working outside, the step mother hit Sarah and expelled her from the house. She went outside and walked far away from the house. Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it. After that she hid in a big melon. She used to go out of the melon and get her food.
One day a prince visited the farm and saw the big melon. “Cut this melon I want to eat it,’’ the prince said. The prince’s guards started to cut the melon but they heard a voice from it. Sarah said “Don’t cut me please!” They were all surprised at this situation. The prince said “Who are you? Calm down, please come out.” After that she came out. He fell in love with her.
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COMPLICATION - Middle - Body
Dilemma or Problem that sets off the events.
Sequence of events: Description of the events:
- First her father work outside ✓
- Next the step mother spelled her from the house. (expelled)
- Later she went outside and she walked far from the house. Suddenly she saw a big melon farm and went in it.✓
- After that she hid in a big melon. She used to go out of the melon and get her food✓
While…
- As… -Meanwhile… -When…
1) What is the main problem in this complication?
The prince visited the farm and saw the big melon and he says to his guards to cut of the melon he wants to eat it. But Sarah say “don't cut me please” than they all surprise at that situation and when Sarah came out from the melon the prince fall in love with her.✓
2) What is the climax in this sequence?
The prince fall in love with her✓ |
R
E
S
O
L
U
T
I
O
N
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She told him her story so the prince decided to marry her and they lived happily ever after.
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RESOLUTION
Ending where the problem is resolved.
The ‘ending’ – a description of the final outcome.
Sarah told her story so the prince decided to marry her.✓
1) What is the resolution in this story?
They lived happily ever after✓
2) Is it a positive or ending ending?
Positive ending✓ |
Part D: Writing a narrative text (writing output)
The intention here was for learners to use what they have learned about narrative text to write a simple narrative text of their own.
Topic: Narrative Text
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Objectives
To provide an opportunity for learners to write a narrative using knowledge and experience they have had about narrative text.
To provide an opportunity to evaluate what learners have learned about narrative text.
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Activity
Learner to write a short simple narrative text using information learned about narrative text.
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Examples of student’s work.
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Student 1
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Student 2
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Student 3
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Student 5
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On 12nd of May 2018, there was a little girl named Fiana and she lived with her parents in Suva, Fiji. She was 11st years old. Her parents worked together in the Lawer.Build.
One day, her mother and father went to work so early in at 4o’clock and her mother leaved some note in her bed to let her know they are a going to work. They lived Fiana alone at home with no one. But Fiana was so young to live by herself at home. When Fiana wake woke up in the morning there was are a note inon her bed. But Fiana didn’t know how to cook. She wants wanted to make dinner for her parents when they came home.
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Orientation - Beginning - Introduction
When did the story happen?
12nd of May 2018
Where did the story happen?
Fiana house
Who are the characters?
Fiana, parent
Describe the characters.
Fiana was 11st years old the mother leave the note in her bedroom and the father went to work
What do the characters
Do?
Fiana want to do cooking and her mother write letters and leave in her bedroom but her father went together with her mother to work
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Suddenly, Fiana went to do some cooking. But she didn’t know how to do the cooking. She went to her mother stuff and find some of her mother's cooking books and she found it. When she found the book she followed in the information how to make chicken. When she finishes all the cooking that 6o’clock. Her parents finish work at 8o’clock. When she finishes make their dinner she cleans up her room and wait for her parents to come from work.
When she finishes up clean her room and she lay on her bedroom. She hears some voice call her parent name from outside the house. When she go and look who is calling that no one stand outside but she doesn't know that people they trying to kidnaps her. She ran and hide in her parents' room. She is scared and she called her parent someone they coming to her. But she doesn't know that people. Suddenly, they catch her and they kidnaps her.
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Complication - Middle - Body
Which paragraphs make up the complication?
Suddenly, Fiana went to do some cooking. But she didn;t know how to do the cooking……..
Describe the first event in the complication sequence.
She went to look for her mother to find her cooking book…...
Describe the next event in the complication sequence.
When she finishes up finish her clean up she hear some voice they called her parents named. She run and hide because she is scared.
What is the main problem (climax) in this complication sequence?
The people they called her parent named they catch her and kidnaps her
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Fiana parent return back home and they looking for Fiana. They looking for everywhere but they didn't found her. They contact the police and they coming to find her. Three week from that they not found her.Her parents can stop crying because their fault they live Fiana alone at home.
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Resolution - Ending - Conclusion
Which paragraphs make up the resolution?
Fiana parent return back home and they looking for Fianathey looking for everywhere but they didn’t find her….
How does the four year old son help to resolve the problem in the story?
Is the solution in the last paragraph a positive or negative one?
negative
Is the problem in the story really resolved?
no
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